HomeMy WebLinkAbout20210243 19 Washington St. Development Site Plan Phase 1A Archaeological Survey HERITAGE
July 13, 2021
Jessica Schreyer
New York State Historic Preservation Office
10 Delaware Avenue
Cohoes, NY 12047
RE: SEQRA, Construction of a Six-story Building, 19 & 23 Washington Street/353
Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866; 21PR03340
Dear Jessica:
In your comments dated May 25, 2021,you recommended that a Phase lA Literature Search and
Sensitivity Assessment survey be conducted for the proposed construction of a six-story building
at 19 Washington Street in Saratoga Springs, NY.
Attached please find the report for the recommended Phase lA Archaeological Survey.
Please let us know if you have any questions or require any additional information to complete
your review. We appreciate your assistance and feedback on this important project.
Thank you,
���YI�'��'
Cindy Hamilton
President
Cc: Denis Shafran, 353 Broadway Acquisitions LLC
Historic Rehabilitation Development Planning
� '�ghla
phia, : _
Phone: 215.248.126G
Fax: 215.248.1261
www.heritage-consulting.com
PHASE lA ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY
PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION AT 19 WASHINGTON STREET
CITY OF SARATOGA SPRINGS
SARATOGA COUNTY, NEW YORK
Prepared for
353 Broadway Acquisitions LLC
353 Broadway
Saratoga Springs, New York 12866
Prepared by
Heritage Consulting Group
15 W. Highland Avenue
Philadelphia, PA 19118
Phone: 215.248.1260
Report Authors:
Linda Santoro, M.A
July 2021
MANAGEMENT SUNIiVIARY
SHPO Project Review Number: 21PR03340
Involved State and Federal Agencies: n/a
Phase of Survey:Phase lA
Location Information
Location: 19 Washington Street
Minor Civil Division: Ciry of Saratoga Springs
Counry: Saratoga Counry
Survey Area
Length: 150 feet
Width: 140 feet
Number of Acres Surveyed(approx.): 1.53 acres
USGS 7.5 Minute Quadrangle Map: Saratoga Springs
Archaeological Sun�ey Overview
Number and Interval of Shovel Tests:n/a
Number and Size of Test Units:n/a
Width of Plowed Strips:n/a
Surface Survey Transect Interval:n/a
Results of Archaeological Survey
Number and Name of Prehistoric Sites:n/a
Number and Name of Historic Sites:n/a
Number and Na�ne of Sites Recoimnended for Phase IUAvoidance:n/a
Results of Architectural Survey
Number of buildings/structures/cemeteries within Project Area: 0
Number of Buildings/structures/cemeteries adjacent to Project Area:urban setting
Number of Previously Determined NR Listed or Eligible buildings structures/cemeteries/districts: within the
boundaries of NR district
Number of Identified eligible buildings/structures/cemeteries/districts: 0
Report Author: Linda Santoro
Report Date:July 2021
ABSTRACT
Heritage Consulting Group has been retained by 353 Broadway Acquisitions LLC to conduct a Phase lA
archaeological survey for the proposed new construction at 19 Washington Street in the Ciry of Saratoga Springs,
Saratoga County,New York.
The Phase lA survey was conducted to meet the procedures and information requirements of all federal, state, and
local regulatory processes. The report content and format follow the standards adopted by the New York State
Archaeological Council and recommended by the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation, and Historic
Preservation(OPRHP).
The project proposes the construction of a six-story building that will total 153,033 square feet and will include 90
apartment units,31 hotel rooms,and 101 parking spaces. The basement and first floors will contain on-site parking,
back-of-house spaces for the proposed hotel, and ameniry spaces. The upper floors will be a mix of hotel rooms,
apartments,and ameniry spaces.
As documented by historic maps and aerial imagery,the project area has been subjected to multiple episodes of prior
construction and demolition. Any archaeological deposits relating to the 19r''and early 20'�century occupation of
the site were likely heavily disturbed by the razing of several buildings and the cutting and grading necessary to
construct first the hotel pool and later the surface parking lot that now makes up the majority of the project area.
As a result of this prior disturbance,no further archaeological investigation is recommended.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1NTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................ 1
Project Location and Description.................................................................................................. 1
Purposeand Scope of Work........................................................................................................... 1
ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING.................................................................................................................. 1
SITEFILES RESEARCH............................................................................................................................2
PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH ......................................................................................2
NATIONAL REGISTER SITES.................................................................................................................. 3
MAPRESEARCH........................................................................................................................................ 3
MAP-DOCUMENTED STRUCTURES...................................................................................................... 5
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY....................................................................................................... 5
PRIORDISTURBANCE............................................................................................................................. 6
PHASE lA SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS .......................................................................... 6
REFERENCE5.............................................................................................................................................7
APPENDIXA:FIGURES............................................................................................................................ 8
APPENDIXB:PHOTOS............................................................................................................................22
Phase IA Archaeological Survey,Proposed Construction at 19 Washington Street
INTRODUCTION
Project Location and Description
Heritage Consulting Group has been retained by 353 Broadway Acquisitions LLC to conduct a Phase lA
archaeological survey for the proposed new construction at 19 Washington Street in the Ciry of Saratoga Springs,
Saratoga Counry, New York The project site is bordered on the south by Washington Street, on the west by the
property at 21 Washington Street, on the north by existing properties, and on the east by existing properties on
Broadway. The project site consists of a paved parking lot and includes the existing one-story structure at the rear of
353 Broadway,the existing properry at 23 Washington Street, and the rear of the Rip Van Dam Hotel at 353 -355
Broadway.
The project proposes the construction of a six-story building that will total 153,033 square feet and will include 90
apartment units,31 hotel rooms,and 101 parking spaces. The basement and first floors will contain on-site parking,
back-of-house spaces for the proposed hotel, and ameniry spaces. The upper floors will be a mix of hotel rooms,
apartments,and ameniry spaces.
The project location,boundaries of the Area of Potential Effect(APE),and existing conditions are shown on Figures
1 and 2.
The Phase lA survey was conducted to meet the procedures and information requirements of all federal, state, and
local regulatory processes. The report content and format follow the standards adopted by the New York State
Archaeological Council and recommended by the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation, and Historic
Preservation(OPRHP).
Purpose and Scope of Work
The purpose of this Phase lA archaeological survey is to assess the sensitiviry of the project's Area of Potential Effect
(APE)and to identify conditions such as indications of prior disturbance within the proj ect APE.The APE corresponds
to the spatial limits of new construction and site improvements within the existing parking lot.As part of the proposed
project,the one-story rear addition to the corner building(353 Broadway)will be demolished,as will the rear additions
of the former Bethesda Parish House (23 Washington)and the single-story garage structure adjacent to the Bethesda
Parish House. The proposed new construction will not be attached to the fonner Parish House and no work is proposed
on the Bethesda Parish House as part of this proj ect. The project will also include sidewalk and lighting improvements
along Washington Street and Broadway.
The scope of work for this undertaking includes: (1)assessment of the environmental setting and indications of prior
disturbance; (2) compilation and interpretation of background information including a site file search and map
research; and(3) a report of findings with recommendations.
ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
The project APE is located in an urban setting within the Ciry of Saratoga Springs at approximately 292 feet above
sea level. Adjacent to the subject property are the following historic properties: The Adelphi Hotel at 361-365
Broadway, the Rip Van Dam Hotel parcel at 353-355 Broadway, which includes the corner building that currently
houses a Starbucks on the first floor and a small one-story extension that proj ects from the rear of the corner building.
The former Bethesda Parish House is located at 23 Washington Street and is a two-story building with additions to
the rear. All the above-mentioned properties are listed in the National Register of Historic Places as contributing
resources to the Broadway Historic District. The property at 19 Washington Street is currently an undeveloped lot
and the rear portion of the Rip Van Dam Hotel and the corner building is an open parking lot.
The USDA Saratoga Counry,New York soil survey(NRCS 2021)indicates that the only soil rype within the project
area is Windsor sandy loams with 3-8 degrees of slope,which is often found in similar topographies along glacio-
fluvial former lakebeds (USDA 1973,NRCS 2021). However, the current project area is paved and is in an urban
setting,so the specific soil rype may not be as accurate for the small scale.
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HERITAGE
Phase IA Archaeological Survey,Proposed Construction at 19 Washington Street
Table 1: Soils in Pro'ect Area
Name Soil Horizon Depth Color Texture, Slope% Drainage Landform
cm(in) Inclusions
WnB O - 0 to 1 inches: Very dark Decomposed 3-8% Excessively Outwash
Windsor moderately grayish pine needles, drained terraces, deltas,
Loamy decomposed plant brown, sand outwash plains,
Sandy material Yellowish dunes
A - 1 to 3 inches: brown,
loamy sand Light
Bw-3 to 25 inches: yellowish
loamy sand brown
C - 25 to 65 inches:
sand
PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH
The archaeological site files of the New York State Museum(NYSM)and the Office of Parks,Recreation,and Historic
Preservation (OPRHP), both maintained by OPRHP, were reviewed in order to identify whether archaeological
resources have been reported previously within or adjacent to the project boundaries.
A total of nine archaeological sites were identified within a mile radius of the project area. Three of the sites are pre-
contact sites designated as New York State Museum(NYSM) and contain little information about site location,size,
or type of archaeological site.The other six sites identified relate to the location of a historic railroad station,remnants
of a historic gasholder complex,remnants of a historic bottling plant,remnants of a historic spring site,and scattered
finds related to 20�'century occupation along Crescent Street.
Table 2:Archaeolo ical Site Files Search Results
NYSOPRHP Additional Distance from Time Period Site Type National
Site# Site# APE Register
m(ft)
09140.001512 Lake Avenue 0.3 miles NE Mid 19�'-century Historic Eligible
Gasholder
09140.000307 Saratoga R+R 0.4 miles NE 19�'-20�'century Historic Undetermined
Station
09140.001721 Crescent Street 1 mile SE 20�'century Historic Ineligible
Historic Site
09140.000328 Congress Spring 02 miles SE 19'�'century Industrial Undetermined
Bottlin Plant
09140.000970 Gasholder 0.9 mile NE 19�'-20�'century Industrial NR Listed
Buildin s
09140.001667 Red Spring 0.8 mile NE 19'�'-20'�'century Historic Undetennined
Complex
Historic Site
NYSM 4698 02 mile SE Woodland Village Undetermined
NYSM 6907 0.5 mile NE Prehistoric? Cam s Undetermined
NYSM 4697 0.5 mile SE Prehistoric? Villa e Undetermined
In addition, previous professional archaeological surveys conducted within a mile radius of the project area were
reviewed to gather additional information about existing site conditions and the potential for archaeological resources.
The majoriry of the Phase 1B surveys conducted did not find significant archaeological deposits or sites and indicated
that further archaeological work was not recommended. No previous archaeological surveys were found within or
directly adjacent to the project area, however there were several within close distance that are located in a similar
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HERITAGE
Phase IA Archaeological Survey,Proposed Construction at 19 Washington Street
urban environment. In 2005, a Phase 1B investigation was conducted at the Putnam Cemetery, located at South
Franklin and Oak Streets. The survey uncovered abandoned utilities and historic fill episodes related to the historic
construction of the trolley system; no further archaeological investigations was recommended (Hartgen 2005). In
2018,a Phase lAB survey was conducted far the Stonequist Housing Expansion Project,and found heavily disturbed
soils,often going as deep as 20 to 30 cmbs(Haze12018). That survey found no evidence for cultural deposits across
the site. North of the project area,a Phase lA survey was done by Curtin Archaeological Consulting for the proposed
ciry center parking garage and found that significant razing and grading had occurred on site due to previous
construction and the creation of the surface parking lot(Curtin 2019).
NATIONAL REGISTER SITES
The project area is located within the boundaries of the Broadway Historic District, which is listed in the National
Register of Historic Places. Adjacent to the project area at the east are The Adelphi Hotel at 361-365 Broadway,the
Rip Van Dam Hotel parcel which includes the corner building which currently houses a Starbucks on the first floor
and a small one-story extension thatprojects from the rear of the corner building at 353 Broadway. Within the project
area at the southwest corner is the former Bethesda Parish House, located at 23 Washington Street,which is a two-
story building with additions to the rear.
Table 3:National Re ister Sites Within Pro'ect Area
NR# Descri tion Address Distance(m/�
90NR02600 Broadway Street Historic Broadway Within project area
District
Table 4:Historic Pro erties within Pro'ect Area
USN# Descri tion Address Distance
09140.000223 Former Bethesda Parish 23 Washington Street Within project area
House
09140.001734 One-Sto Brick Buildin 5 Washin ton Street Within ro'ect area
09140.000229 Panza's In Town 349-351 Broadwa Within ro'ect area
09140.000230 American Hotel (Rip Van 353-355 Broadway Within project area
Dam Hotel
MAP RESEARCH
The following maps were consulted to identify potential historic sites within the project area. Not all of the historic
maps consulted provided useable information, as many of the earlier maps did not show localized areas within
Saratoga Springs. The maps that provide useful information for analysis for historic sites are presented in the
appendices as figures.
Table 5: Flistoric Ma s
Ma Date Reference Name/Structures in Pro'ect Area
1779 A Chronological Map of the n/a
Province of New York by C.J.
Sauthier Fi re 3
� 1841 Samuel de Vaux Ma Fi ure 4 American Hotel_no lon er extant
1848 Map of Saratoga Springs by John 3 properties along Washington
Bevan(Figure 5) Street, American Hotel (no longer
extant
1856 Map of Saratoga Counry by Samuel n/a
Gell Fi re 6
1876 Map of Saratoga Springs by F.W. American Hotel(no longer extant)
Beers Fi re 7
1879 Cramer and Mott Ma Fi re 8 n/a
1881 Lawrence Ma Fi ure 9 American Hotel no lon er extant
1884 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of 11, 17, 19,23 Washington Street
Saratoga Springs(Figure 10) 349-351 Broadway
American Hotel(no lon er extant)
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HERITAGE
Phase IA Archaeological Survey,Proposed Construction at 19 Washington Street
1889 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of 11, 17, 19,23 Washington Street
Saratoga Springs(Figure 11) 349-351 Broadway
American Hotel no lon er extant
1895 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of ll, 17, 19,23 Washington Street
Saratoga Springs(Figure 12) 349-351 Broadway
American Hotel(no lon er extant)
1900 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of 9, 13, 17, 19,23 Washington Street
Saratoga Springs(Figure 13) 349-351 Broadway
American Hotel(no longer extant)
Servants Quarters at rear of Adelphi
Hotel
1926 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of 9, 13, 17, 19,23 Washington Street
Saratoga Springs(Figure 14) 349-351 Broadway
American Hotel(no longer extant)
Servants Quarters at rear of Adelphi
Hotel
1948 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of 1,3,5,7 Washington Street
Saratoga Springs(Figure 15) 9, 13, 17 Washington Street
23 Washington Street
Rip Van Da�n Hotel
Servants Quarters at rear of Adelphi
Hotel
1950 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of 1,3,5,7 Washington Street
Saratoga Springs(Figure 16) 9, 13, 17 Washington Street
23 Washington Street
Rip Van Da�n Hotel
Servants Quarters at rear of Adelphi
Hotel
1952 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of 1,3,5,7 Washington Street
Saratoga Springs(Figure 17) 9, 13, 17 Washington Street
23 Washington Street with garage
Rip Van Da�n Hotel
Servants Quarters at rear of Adelphi
Hotel
1954 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of 1,3,5,7 Washington Street
Saratoga Springs(Figure 18) 9, 13, 17 Washington Street
23 Washington Street with garage
Rip Van Dam Hotel
Servants Quarters at rear of Adelphi
Hotel
1972 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of 1,3, 17,23 Washington Street
Saratoga Springs(Figure 19) Pool
Rip Van Dam Hotel
Servants Quarters at rear of Adelphi
Hotel
MAP DOCUMENTED STRUCTURES
The 1779 Sauthier map (Figure 3) does not provide sufficient detail to observe individual mapped structures within
the project area. The map does convey roads and patterns of development around Saratoga Springs in the late-18th
century.The 1841 Samuel de Vaux map(Figure 4)shows the Adelphi,American(later Rip Van Dam)Hotel,and the
Methodist Church that is right outside of the project area. The 1848 Bevan map (Figure 5) indicates several more
buildings within the project area, including the previously mentioned hotels along Broadway,potential outbuildings
to the rear of those hotels,and three buildings along Washington Street between the American Hotel and the Methodist
Church. The building directly adjacent to the Methodist Church is likely the existing Bethesda Parish House. The
1856 Gell map(Figure 6)shows little additional information. The 1876 Beers(Figure 7)and the 1881 Lawrence map
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HERITAGE
Phase IA Archaeological Survey,Proposed Construction at 19 Washington Street
(Figure 8)show only the American Hotel,with no additional structures portrayed along Washington Street within the
project area.
Beginning with the 1884 Sanborn map(Figure 10),the majoriry of the project area was occupied by buildings(hotels,
commercial, and church-related). There is a shed located to the rear of the Adelphi Hotel, and a laundry building to
the rear of the American HoteL In 1889 (Figure 11), several of the buildings along Washington Street have gained
additions or are more clearly drawn than the previous map. The Bethesda Parish House at the time appears to be
located at 17 Washington Street, and the two buildings at 19 and 23 Washington Street appear to be residential in
nature. The buildings at the corner of Broadway and Washington appear to be commercial. By 1926(Figure 14),the
Bethesda Parish House at 17 Washington Street has been replaced with a garage associated with the hotels,and several
new additions were constructed behind the Broadway hotels,including a servant's quarters to the rear of the Adelphi
and a kitchen to the rear of the American. By 1948 (Figure 15),the residential structure at 19 Washington Street had
been demolished and by 1952 (Figure 17), the now Rip Van Dam Hotel has expanded, and an additional garage
structure is located to the rear of 23 Washington Street. In the 1972 Sanborn(Figure 19),we see that several of the
smaller structures located along Washington Street have been demolished to make way for the construction of a pool
associated with the Rip Van Dam Hotel.
Table 6:Ma Documented Structures Within the Pro'ect Area
MDS Number Name,if any Location Early Maps Present Sanborn Maps
Present
1 Former Bethesda 23 Washington 1848 Bevan All, 1884-1972
Parish House Street
2 Residential Building 19 Washington 1848 Bevan 1884, 1889, 1895,
Street 1900, 1926
3 Bethesda Parish 17 Washington 1848 Bevan 1884, 1889, 1895,
House Street 1900
4 Garage 17 Washington 1926 Sanborn 1926, 1948, 1950,
Street 1952, 1954
5 One Sto Buildin 5 Washin ton Street 1884 Sanborn All, 1884-1972
6 Panza's in Town 349-351 Broadwa 1848 Bevan All, 1884-1972
7 American Hotel 353-355 Broadway 1841 de Vaux All, 1884-1972
(Rip Van Dam 1848 Bevan
Hotel 1876 Beers
8 Additions to rear of n/a 1884 Sanborn All, 1884-1972
American Hotel
9 Additions to rear of n/a 1884 Sanborn All, 1884-1972
Adel hi Hotel
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY ASSESSMENT
While there are three identified prehistoric sites within a mile radius of the project area,the records available on these
sites contain little information as to their time period,context,and significance. The presence of these recorded sites
would appear to indicate that there is the potential within Saratoga Springs for the presence of prehistoric cultural
material. The project area is classified as containing Windsor Loamy Sand,which is characterized at 3-8%slopes and
excessively drained,and the environmental setting of the Saratoga Springs,as a low-lying valley with wet and swampy
soils,was not likely attractive for permanent settlement for native peoples.
There are several historic sites within a mile radius of the project area,largely relating to 19�''and 20r''century industrial
and commercial concerns. The project area began to be developed in the 19�''century,with several hotels,residences,
commercial buildings,and associated outbuildings constructed within the project area. From the details provided by
the Sanborn maps, it appears that the majoriry of the project area was utilized by buildings, with some small areas
(particularly to the north of the former Bethesda Parish House)remainuig vacant. The areas to the rear of the hotels
on Broadway went through several different construction episodes,as rear additions changed from sheds to servants'
quarters, or from laundry facilities to kitchens. Similar development is seen along Washington Street, with the
demolition of existing buildings,construction of new facilities related to the hotels,and the expansion of commercial
5
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Phase IA Archaeological Survey,Proposed Construction at 19 Washington Street
buildings. Based on historic maps and documentation, the project area appears to have been heavily occupied from
the 19�''century on, serving as one of the centers for tourism and associated businesses in Saratoga Springs.
PRIOR DISTURBANCE
The available historic maps document the series of construction and demolition episodes that occurred within the
project area. Several buildings along Washington Street within the project area were demolished in the first half of
the 20r''century,and new buildings associated with the Broadway hotels were constructed. The rear lots of the hotels
saw the construction and expansion of additions. The lot at 19 Washington Street originally contained a residential
building, however that was demolished before 1926, and the lot was left vacant until the construction of a garage
adjacent to the former Bethesda Parish House prior to 1956. Perhaps the most significant disturbance occurred prior
to 1972, with the demolition of several structures along Washington Street and the construction of a large pool
associated with the Rip Van Dam Hotel. Based on the historic aerial imagery available (figures 20 through 25),the
hotel pool is still visible in 1986 and 1997.The 1986 imagery also indicates that the rear of the lot associated with 23
Washington Street had been paved and may have been used as parking. By 2001, the pool and garage along
Washington Street have been demolished and a surface parking lot constructed in place. Between 2001 and 2009,the
rear additions of the Rip Van Dam Hotel are also demolished, and the surface parking lot expanded to the north.
Between 2015 and 2017, all vegetation in the areas north and east of 23 Washington Street are cleared and likely
graded and the surface parking lot is expanded to abut 23 Washington Street. To the north of 23 Washington Street,
a small,graded lawn was constructed,likely associated with the Broadway hotels.
PHASE lA SUlVIiVIARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
A complete and comprehensive Phase lA archaeological survey has been conducted. As documented by historic
maps and aerial imagery,the project areahas been subjected to multiple episodes of prior construction and demolition.
Any archaeological deposits relating to the 19�'' and early 20"' century occupation of the site were likely heavily
disturbed by the razing of several buildings and the cutting and grading necessary to construct first the hotel pool and
later the surface parking lot that now makes up the majoriry of the project area. As a result of this prior disturbance,
no further archaeological investigation is recommended.
6
HERITAGE
Phase IA Archaeological Survey,Proposed Construction at 19 Washington Street
REFERENCES
Beers,J B.
1876 Map of Saratoga County, New York. J B Beers,New York.
Curtin,Edward V.
2019 Phase IA Addendum Proposed City Center Parking Garage, High Rock Avenue, City of Saratoga
Springs, Saratoga County,New York. Curtin Archaeological Consulting,Inc.
Geil, Samuel
1851 Map of Saratoga County fi^om actual surveys.R.Pearsall,New York.
Hazel,Christopher
2018 Phase 1 Archaeological Sensitivity Assessment and Survey of the Stonequist Housing Expansion
Project, City of Saratoga Springs, Saratoga County, New York.H.A.Z.EX
Hartgen Archaeological Associates
2005 Phase IB Archeological Field Reconnaissance, Gideon Putnam Cemetery Fence Restoration, South
Franklin and Oak Streets, City of Saratoga Springs, Saratoga Countv New York
Natural Resources Conservation Service(NRCS)
2021 Web Soil Survey, Saratoga Counry,New York./websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov USDA,Washington.
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HERITAGE
Phase IA Archaeological Survey,Proposed Construction at 19 Washington Street
APPENDIX A: FIGURES
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HERITAGE
Phase IA Archaeological Survey,Proposed Construction at 19 Washington Street
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9
HERITAGE
Phase IA Archaeological Survey,Proposed Construction at 19 Washington Street
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Phase IA Archaeological Survey,Proposed Construction at 19 Washington Street
APPENDX B: PHOTOGRAPHS
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Phase IA Archaeological Survey,Proposed Construction at 19 Washington Street
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